A CSS pseudo-class is a keyword added to a selector that specifies a special state of the selected element(s). For example, :hover can be used to change a button’s color when the user’s pointer hovers over it.
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Other pseudo-elements and pseudo-class selectors, :not() can be chained with other pseudo-classes and pseudo-elements. For example, the following will add a “New!” word to list items that do not have a .old class name, using the ::after
Trivia & Notes
The :not() selector is chainable with more :not() selectors. For example, the following will match all articles except the one with an ID #featured, and then will filter out the articles with a class name .tutorial:
article:not(#featured):not(.tutorial) {
/* style the articles that match */
}
Just like other pseudo-elements and pseudo-class selectors, :not() can be chained with other pseudo-classes and pseudo-elements. For example, the following will add a “New!” word to list items that do not have a .old class name, using the ::after pseudo-element:
li:not(.old)::after {
content: "New!";
color: deepPink;
}
You can see a live demo in the Live Demo section below.
On the Specificity of Selectors
The specificity of the :not() pseudo-class is the specificity of its argument. The :not() pseudo-class does not add to the selector specificity, unlike other pseudo-classes.
The simple selector that :not() takes as an argument can be any of the following:
- Type selector (e.g
p,span, etc.) - Class selector (e.g
.element,.sidebar, etc.) - ID selector (e.g
#header) - Pseudo-class selector (e.g
:first-child,:last-of-type)
Reference
The argument passed to :not() can not, however, be a pseudo-element selector (such as ::before and ::after, among others) or another negation pseudo-class selector.
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| Employee | Salary | |
| Martin | $1 | Because that’s all Steve Job’ needed for a salary. |
| John | $100K | For all the blogging he does. |
| Robert | $100M | Pictures are worth a thousand words, right? So Tom x 1,000. |
| Jane | $100B | With hair like that?! Enough said… |
Useful Fallbacks
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Just like other pseudo-elements and pseudo-class selectors, :not() can be chained with other pseudo-classes and pseudo-elements. For example, the following will add a “New!” word to list items that do not have a .old class name, using the ::after pseudo-element:
element:not(.old)::after {
content: "New!";
color: deepPink;
}
You can see a live demo in the Live Demo section below.
